Rajasthan, known for its vibrant culture and rich history, is home to a variety of folk traditions, with dance being one of its most captivating forms of expression. Among the many traditional dances of Rajasthan, the "Five Fold Dances" (Panchrang) are particularly significant. These dances not only showcase the diversity and artistic prowess of the region but also reflect the deep cultural and social values embedded in Rajasthani life. The Five Fold Dances of Rajasthan include Ghoomar, Kalbeliya, Chari, Terahtali, and Kacchi Ghodi. Each of these dances has its unique charm and significance, offering a glimpse into the history and customs of Rajasthan's communities.
1. Ghoomar
Ghoomar is one of the most popular and widely recognised folk dances of Rajasthan. Traditionally performed by women, it involves graceful twirls and spinning in colourful skirts (ghagras), accompanied by rhythmic clapping and singing. The dancers move in a circular formation, often symbolising the cyclical nature of life. Ghoomar is performed during festive occasions, weddings, and religious celebrations, and its energetic movements and vibrant costumes evoke a sense of joy and celebration.
2. Kalbeliya
Kalbeliya, a traditional dance of the Kalbeliya tribe, is known for its serpentine movements. Dancers, mostly women, wear black costumes adorned with mirrors and beads, resembling the snake’s scales. The dance mimics the movements of a snake, and its fluidity and grace are mesmerising. Originally performed by the Kalbeliya community, who were traditionally snake charmers, the dance tells the story of the serpent and is believed to have healing properties, as it is often performed to invoke good fortune and ward off evil.
3. Chari
Chari is a unique and fascinating dance performed by women of Rajasthan, where they balance brass or clay pots (called chari) filled with burning oil or water on their heads while dancing. The dance is performed with grace and poise, as the women maintain their balance while executing intricate footwork and rhythmic movements. Chari is generally performed during festivals or religious occasions, symbolising the balance between strength and femininity.
4. Tehratali
Terahtali is a rare and captivating dance form, typically performed by the women of the Manganiar and Langha communities of Rajasthan. The dancers wear a set of 13 cymbals (known as terahtali) attached to their body and produce rhythmic sounds by striking the cymbals with their hands and feet. The dancers sing devotional songs while performing intricate, rhythmic movements, creating a unique blend of music, dance, and drama. Terahtali is performed during festive gatherings and is often a part of larger cultural performances.
5. Kacchi Ghodi
Kacchi Ghodi is a folk dance performed by men, often depicting the valour and bravery of Rajasthani warriors. The dance involves men riding wooden horses, known as kacchi ghodis, while performing acrobatic movements. The dancers reenact battles and heroic acts, accompanied by drumming and energetic music. It is a celebratory dance that honours Rajasthan’s rich history of chivalry and bravery, and it is often performed during weddings and festive events.