India's skeleton lake: The 1,000-year mystery hidden beneath Roopkund's ice 
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The Indian lake where hundreds of human skeletons appear

India's skeleton lake in the high Himalayas holds the remains of hundreds of people, but new genetic and radiocarbon evidence shows they did not all belong to one group or die in one disaster

DEBOLINA ROY

India's skeleton lake is more than 5,000 meters high in the Himalayas of Uttarakhand, below the peak of Trisul. During the lake's freezing and thawing, human bones appear on its surface and beneath the ice. Until recently, these skeletal remnants have always been associated with a single tragedy for about seventy years. Now a huge analysis has been conducted regarding these thirty-eight skeletons, revealing a completely new picture, as the people belonged to different ethnicities and died almost 1,000 years apart from each other.

India's skeleton lake is not the scene of one ancient mass death

Roopkund Lake is one such location that has remained mysterious among the many strange sites located in the Himalayan mountains. Roopkund is an exceptionally tiny lake, measuring a mere 40 meters wide, and it sits high in the mountain chain, making it difficult to access. Hundreds of human bones have been unearthed at the site.

These bones are scattered throughout the site. These bones may have been disturbed by natural forces, but there has also been disruption of the site due to rockslides and pilgrimage activity to the site. Anthropologists found that people coming to this site have touched skeletons and taken certain artefacts.

The lake is normally covered by ice most of the time. The appearance of the lake varies from one season to another. During melting time, any remaining things become very visible. This was responsible for building the mysterious status of the lake.

Hundreds of human remains have been found around Roopkund

The skeletons were found by a British forest ranger in 1942. Many studies have been carried out by researchers regarding the identity of the deceased individuals and why their skeletons could have ended up in such a remote location. The quantity of skeletons also raises curiosity since experts believe they number between 600 and 800.

The site of Roopkund is in the state of Uttarakhand in the Indian Himalayas, and its altitude is around 5,029 metres or 16,500 feet. The site is at the bottom of a steep slope at Trisul, which is one of the highest peaks. There is no significant trading route leading to or from the lake. There are no indications at all of a large caravan stopping there. The area is harsh, the elevation is extremely high, and the lake is inaccessible due to ice and snow.

Scientists studied 38 skeletons using ancient DNA and radiocarbon dating

It was believed that these skeletons belonged to one community of people who perished in the same catastrophic event in the ninth century. Violent storms constituted some of the most probable reasons for the deaths. This theory seemed consistent with the environment. Roopkund is an open place, prone to strong climatic conditions in the mountains. Hence, fatal storms/hailstorms might be a reason.

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